Final answer:
The statement that the most useful paradigms are rigidly constructed and applied is not true about paradigms. Useful paradigms must be flexible and adaptable to accommodate new data and insights.
Step-by-step explanation:
Concerning paradigms, the statement that is NOT true is: 'The most useful paradigms are ones that are rigidly constructed and applied'. Paradigms are crucial in many disciplines, including sociology, where they serve as overarching frameworks for understanding social phenomena. They are philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline, such as structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. These frameworks help formulate theories, generalizations, and support the experiments performed within them.
According to philosopher Thomas Kuhn, paradigms are subject to change when they fail to explain or predict newly discovered phenomena, a concept known as a paradigm shift. This shift occurs when the accumulation of anomalies in the existing paradigm reaches a point where the paradigm is no longer tenable, leading to the adoption of a new paradigm that more accurately explains the observations.
While Aesthetic Theory can be a type of paradigm, and paradigms do predict phenomena and change when they fail to make accurate predictions, it is not accurate to assert that the most practical paradigms are those that are rigidly constructed and applied. Flexibility and adaptability are essential features of useful paradigms, as they must accommodate new data and insights.