Final answer:
Type A spermatogonia are stem cells that divide to produce primary spermatocytes as part of spermatogenesis. They undergo meiotic activity after sexual maturity and give rise to diploid primary spermatocytes, which eventually lead to the production of sperm cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
Type A spermatogonia are germ cells that have specific roles in the process of spermatogenesis, which is the production of sperm. Spermatogonia are the least mature cells in the spermatogenic process and serve as stem cells within the testes. These cells line the basement membrane inside the seminiferous tubules of the testis. Type A spermatogonia are capable of differentiating into a variety of cell types and play a critical role throughout adulthood.
During spermatogenesis, type A spermatogonia divide mitotically to produce diploid cells called primary spermatocytes. After a series of steps including meiotic divisions, these primary spermatocytes lead to the formation of haploid cells called secondary spermatocytes, which subsequently form spermatids, and finally, mature sperm cells.
The correct answer to the question is (B) spermatogonia undergo meiotic activity subsequent to sexual maturity, and (D) they give rise to primary spermatocytes. It is also worth noting that spermatogonia may be classified as either pale or dark (E), which refers to their appearance under a microscope due to the amount of chromatin they contain.