Final answer:
Poverty is typically associated with inadequate healthcare, limited education, and a higher exposure to environmental health hazards, which affects individuals' mental and physical health and may contribute to a higher prevalence in crime.
Step-by-step explanation:
Poverty is often associated with exposure to various forms of adversity, including inadequate healthcare, limited education, and the inaccessibility of birth control. These conditions make it challenging for individuals to break out of poverty, thus perpetuating a cycle of disadvantage. Among the many consequences that sociologists Neckerman and Torche have identified, poverty is linked to a lack of clean water supply, inadequate sanitation measures, crowded living conditions, and proximity to environmental health hazards like toxic waste facilities and other sources of pollution. Additionally, poverty has profound effects on mental and physical health, as well as a correlation with an increased prevalence in crime, often as a means of survival.