Final answer:
Option (d), Equine (horses) is the species that could be expected to have a large amount of sediment in the urine due to the kidney's loop of Henle, which produces highly concentrated urine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The species that could be expected to have a large amount of sediment in the urine is d. Equine (horses). The kidneys of mammals, including horses, have a portion of the nephron known as the loop of Henle, which allows them to produce highly concentrated urine, often containing more solutes than that of the blood.
This means equines can excrete urine with a larger amount of sediment compared to felines, bovines, and canines. Other species, like birds and reptiles, convert toxic ammonia to uric acid, which also may be visible as a sediment, but this is not the characteristic of the listed mammalian species.