Final answer:
According to sociologist Pepper Schwartz, the trend toward civil marriage is attributable to high divorce and remarriage rates, more interfaith marriages, and more personalized ideas about spirituality, making the answer D. all of the above.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to sociologist Pepper Schwartz, the trend toward civil marriage may be attributable to high divorce and remarriage rates, more interfaith marriages, and more personalized ideas about spirituality. The answer is D. all of the above. These factors reflect a changing social landscape where traditional institutions like marriage are being reevaluated and reshaped by shifts in societal values and individual preferences. The increasing acceptance of single parenting and cohabitation, the higher incidence of marriages later in life, and a more fluid concept of family relationships all contribute to these trends.
The dramatic increase in divorce rates after the 1960s is linked with the liberalization of divorce laws and women entering the workforce, while recent drops in divorce rates can be attributed to delayed marriages and higher education levels. On the other hand, the rise of civil marriages may also be connected to the growth of interfaith marriages and evolving spiritual beliefs, which encourage couples to seek non-traditional marriage ceremonies that better reflect their unique values and backgrounds.