Final answer:
The fall of Robespierre resulted in the end of the Reign of Terror and led to the creation of the Directory, a new government that struggled with challenges and internal conflicts. This instability facilitated Napoléon Bonaparte's rise to power, who eventually became Emperor of France.
Step-by-step explanation:
Following the execution of Maximilian Robespierre, there were significant political reforms in France. The Reign of Terror ended, and the National Convention sought to restore stability. In 1795, a new constitutional framework was established, leading to the formation of the Directory, an executive council of five men. Despite intentions to stabilize the government, the Directory struggled with internal conflicts and external threats. Its failure to manage these issues paved the way for Napoléon Bonaparte to seize power. His rise began with his role as a general defending the Directory and culminated in him overthrowing the Directory in 1799, ultimately declaring himself Emperor in 1802.