Final answer:
The war with the Ottoman Turks refers to various conflicts involving the Ottoman Empire, including the Armenian Genocide, the Gallipoli invasion, and the Arab Revolt. The decline of the Ottoman Empire started in the 19th century.
Step-by-step explanation:
The war with the Ottoman Turks refers to various conflicts involving the Ottoman Empire, primarily during World War I. One aspect of this war was the Armenian Genocide, in which Turkish forces drove hundreds of thousands of Armenians from their homes, resulting in the death of nearly one million people. Another significant event was the Gallipoli invasion, where the Turks successfully defended their territory against British and French forces, led by General Mustafa Kemal.
Additionally, during World War I, some Arab Muslim populations rebelled against Ottoman rule in the Arab Revolt, with support from the British government, aiming for independence.
The decline of the Ottoman Empire, attributed to factors such as overextension and the rise of European military power, began in the 19th century.