Final answer:
During elongation in translation, a charged tRNA binds to the A site of the ribosome, a peptide bond is formed between adjacent amino acids, and the ribosome moves one codon along the mRNA.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the elongation stage of translation, a charged tRNA binds to mRNA in the A site of the ribosome; a peptide bond is catalyzed between the two adjacent amino acids, breaking the bond between the first amino acid and its tRNA; the ribosome moves one codon along the mRNA; and the first tRNA is moved from the P site of the ribosome to the E site and leaves the ribosomal complex.
Termination of translation occurs when the ribosome encounters a stop codon, which does not code for a tRNA. Release factors cause the polypeptide to be released, and the ribosomal complex dissociates.