To determine the number of moles of each substance reacting in a balanced chemical equation, use the coefficients as mole ratios. Identify the stoichiometric relationships and apply them to convert known moles to other substances involved in the reaction.
In a balanced chemical equation, coefficients represent the mole ratios between reactants and products. For example, consider the reaction aA+bB→cC+dD. The coefficients "a," "b," "c," and "d" denote the mole ratios.
To find the moles of one substance when the moles of another are known, use the mole ratio. If the coefficient of A is "a" and B is "b," the ratio is aA:bB. Apply this ratio to find the moles of B when moles of A are given, and vice versa.
To convert grams to moles, use the substance's molar mass. Avogadro's number helps relate moles to particles. Repeat this process for all substances involved.
For instance, if the reaction involves 2 moles of A and 3 moles of B, it implies a ratio of 2A:3B. If you have 2 moles of A, you can find the moles of B by using the ratio. This systematic approach allows you to determine the number of moles for each substance involved in a balanced reaction equation.