Final answer:
Optical tweezers are used to manipulate integral proteins through a cell membrane by applying a known force with a laser beam, essential for studying membrane dynamics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The corrtect option : b
Optical tweezers are a scientific tool that can be employed to trap and manipulate particles, including integral proteins, through a focused laser beam. This technique enables scientists to apply a known force to move these proteins through a cell membrane, providing valuable insights into the mechanical properties of the membrane and the potential barriers that proteins encounter as they move through it. As integral proteins play vital roles in the functionality of biological membranes, understanding their interactions and movements is crucial for researching membrane dynamics and cellular behavior.
The technique that can be used to trap integral proteins and drag them through the membrane with a known force, using forces generated by a focused laser beam, is Optical tweezers. This technique is based on the use of a tightly focused laser beam to create a gradient of light intensity, which can trap and move small objects, including individual proteins. By manipulating the position of the laser beam, researchers can exert force on the trapped protein and observe its movement through the membrane, providing information about the presence of membrane barriers.