Final answer:
A population of lizards rafting to an uninhabited island due to a storm is an example of the founder effect and could lead to adaptive radiation as they adapt to new conditions. If differing predation pressures exist between islands, this could result in distinct evolutionary adaptations in the respective lizard populations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The evolutionary process happening when a population of lizards travels from the coast of Africa to a faraway uninhabited island due to a storm is called founder effect, which is a type of genetic drift. This occurs when a new colony is started by a few members of the original population, carrying with them only a small fraction of the original genetic variation.
Over time, the lizards on the island may experience adaptive radiation, evolving into multiple new species to fill available niches, as they adapt to their new environment, just like Darwin's finches. If one island has no predators and the other has a predator that preys on the lizards, the populations may evolve differently.
The population on the predator-free island might not develop anti-predatory adaptations whereas the other island's population may develop traits such as camouflaged coloration, sharp spines or toxins to evade or deter predators. This illustrates how environmental pressures contribute to the divergence between two populations.