Final answer:
Situation I is a hypothesis testing problem while situation II is not.
Step-by-step explanation:
Out of the two statistical inference situations mentioned, situation I is a hypothesis testing problem. In this situation, the technician wants to test whether one of the filling machines is delivering less fluid per bottle than intended. Hypothesis testing involves setting up two contradictory hypotheses, collecting sample data, determining the correct distribution, analyzing the data, and making a decision based on the results.
Situation II is not a hypothesis testing problem. In this situation, the technician simply wants to determine the number of milliliters of water being delivered per bottle for the filling machine in question.