Final answer:
Pedigree analysis reveals that X-linked recessive traits follow specific inheritance patterns. Sons of women with an affected father and an unaffected man have a 50% chance of being affected, while daughters are carriers. Affected females always have an affected father and maternal grandfather. X-linked traits are never passed from father to son.
Step-by-step explanation:
X-linked recessive traits follow specific inheritance patterns in pedigree analysis. Here are the key points:
a) If a woman with an affected father has children with an unaffected man, half of the sons and none of the daughters will be affected by the trait. This is because the trait is passed from the affected father to his daughters, making them carriers, but not to his sons.
b) Affected females always have an affected father and a maternal grandfather. This is because X-linked traits are passed from the mother to her son and then from the son to his daughter.
c) X-linked traits are never passed from father to son. This is because the father passes his Y chromosome to his sons, which does not carry the X-linked trait.