Final answer:
The statement that one neuron having several axon collaterals that communicate with several other neurons being called divergence is True. This allows signal amplification across neural networks, particularly in multipolar neurons which are common in the nervous system.
Step-by-step explanation:
When one neuron has several axon collaterals that communicate with several other neurons, it is indeed known as divergence. This is a mechanism that allows a single neuron to send signals to multiple target neurons, thereby amplifying the impact of its signal. In the context of neural circuitry, this phenomenon ensures that information can be distributed to various parts of the nervous system. Therefore, the statement is True.
It's also worth noting that multipolar neurons, which are the most common type of neuron in the nervous system, have one axon and multiple dendrites. These neurons can have several axon collaterals, leading to divergence within the neural networks. Contrary to some misconceptions, not all neurons follow the strict model of a single axon; some neurons can function with multiple processes that could potentially act as axons, depending on the circumstances.