Final answer:
The correct answer is option d. Chromosome 8 and chromosome 14 are directly affected by a rearrangement in Burkitt's lymphoma, leading to the dysregulation of the MYC oncogene which contributes to cancer development.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the case of Burkitt's lymphoma, the chromosomes directly affected by a rearrangement are chromosome 8 and chromosome 14. This specific type of chromosomal abnormality is known as a translocation. The most common translocation seen in Burkitt's lymphoma is t(8;14), where a piece of chromosome 8 and a piece of chromosome 14 switch places.
This translocation leads to the dysregulation of the MYC oncogene, which is found on chromosome 8, contributing to the development of cancer. Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is d. 8 & 14.