Final answer:
The correct answer is option b. Scavenger receptors and toll-like receptors are essential for macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. Macrophages are primary phagocytic cells that also present antigens and release inflammation-promoting cytokines.
Step-by-step explanation:
The macrophage receptors necessary for the process of phagocytosis are mainly the scavenger receptors and the toll-like receptors. While scavenger receptors are responsible for binding and internalizing a wide range of particles including damaged cells and pathogens, toll-like receptors are crucial for recognizing molecular patterns associated with pathogens, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
Macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells are the primary phagocytic cells of the immune system, playing an essential role in the body's innate immune response by ingesting and destroying pathogens. Moreover, macrophages play a unique role in not just phagocytosis, but also in antigen presentation and production of cytokines that promote inflammation.