Question

In class, we discussed several inflammatory cytokines that are secreted by macrophages after the recognition of pathogen. Which of the following was NOT included in that discussion?

a. IFN-γ
b. IL-6
c. IL-1β
d. TNF-α
e. CCL-2

Answer 1

The cytokine not discussed as being secreted by macrophages after pathogen recognition is Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), while cytokines like IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL-2 are typically released during inflammatory responses by macrophages. OPTION A is answer

Step-by-step explanation:

The cytokine that was NOT included in the discussion about those secreted by macrophages after pathogen recognition is IFN-γ (Interferon gamma).

Cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL-2 are typically released by macrophages during the inflammatory response. Interferon gamma, though also a cytokine, is not typically secreted by macrophages but rather by other types of cells such as T cells and natural killer cells after infection.

Cytokines are critical chemical messengers in the immune system, playing roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and immune response regulation.

Interleukins, a subclass of cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-1β, promote interactions between white blood cells and play an integral part in bridging innate and adaptive immune responses. TNF-α and chemokines like CCL-2 are also key participants in the inflammation process and immune cell recruitment. OPTION A is answer