Question

Which innate cytoplasmic receptor is expected to recognize degradation products of bacteria? In other words, identify the receptor below that would recognize an intracellular bacterial infection within the cytoplasm.

a. NOD-1
b. MDA-5
c. RIG-1
d. MyD88
e. B & C

Answer 1

The innate cytoplasmic receptor that recognizes degradation products of bacteria is a. NOD-1. It is responsible for detecting bacterial peptidoglycans within the cytoplasm and activating the immune response.

Step-by-step explanation:

The innate cytoplasmic receptor expected to recognize degradation products of bacteria and thereby indicate an intracellular bacterial infection within the cytoplasm is NOD-1 (option a). NOD-like receptors (NLRs), which include NOD-1, are a group of intracellular receptors that detect bacterial peptidoglycans, specifically those found in the cytoplasm, and are responsible for activating immune responses including inflammation and apoptosis.

The innate cytoplasmic receptor expected to recognize degradation products of bacteria is NOD-1.

This contrasts with receptors such as MDA-5 and RIG-1, which are more commonly associated with viral recognition, and MyD88, which is an adaptor protein for multiple receptors including Toll-like receptors involved in signaling for immune responses, rather than a cytoplasmic receptor that directly recognizes bacterial components.