Final answer:
The textures of igneous rocks depend on composition and cooling process. Mafic rocks are rich in dark-colored minerals, while felsic rocks are rich in light-colored minerals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The unique textures associated with igneous rocks depend on two main factors: the original composition of the molten material and the cooling process. Igneous rock composition refers to the minerals that make up the rock, while texture refers to the features visible in the rock. For example, some igneous rocks have a glassy texture, indicating rapid cooling, while others have a coarse-grained texture, indicating slow cooling.
The difference between mafic and felsic igneous rocks lies in their mineral content. Mafic rocks are rich in dark-colored minerals like olivine and pyroxene, while felsic rocks are rich in light-colored minerals like quartz and feldspar. Mafic rocks have a higher content of magnesium and iron, while felsic rocks have a higher content of silica.