Final answer:
The process called cementation involves the growth of minerals in sediment pores, binding the grains together to form solid sedimentary rock.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process by which minerals grow in the pores between sediment grains and bind them together to form solid rock is called cementation. This is a key part of the lithification process, together with compaction, which transforms loose clastic sediments into solid sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rocks can also be formed from organic or chemical processes, but in the case of clastic rocks, cementation plays a critical role by precipitating minerals like calcite, quartz, or pyrite into the pores, effectively gluing sediment grains together.