Final answer:
Newton's law of gravity provides a mathematical basis for gravitational force, while Einstein's formulation, known as the general theory of relativity, explains gravity as a bending of space-time by mass. Einstein's theory modifies Newton's law of gravity in situations with extremely large gravitational fields.
Step-by-step explanation:
Newton's law of gravity provides a mathematical basis for gravitational force and Kepler's laws of planetary motion. It states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. On the other hand, Einstein's formulation of gravity, known as the general theory of relativity, explains gravity as a bending of space-time by mass. It modifies Newton's law of gravity in situations with extremely large gravitational fields, such as near black holes.