Final answer:
Sexual variations are behaviors that are not statistically typical within a society, and sexual orientation is a central aspect of one's sociocultural identity influenced by societal norms. Study of sexuality in sociology focuses on attitudes and practices, noting that what is 'normal' varies widely across cultures.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sexual variations refer to sexual behaviors that diverge from what is considered statistically typical within a certain culture or society. In American society, sexual orientation plays a significant role in defining sociocultural identities associated with particular forms of sexuality. For example, heterosexuality is viewed as the norm, while homosexuality, bisexuality, pansexuality, and asexuality represent variations of sexual orientation. Additionally, sociologists consider sexuality as a person's capacity for sexual feelings, which is influenced by societal attitudes and norms that vary across different cultures.
It is important to recognize that what is considered 'normal' or typical in terms of sexual behavior is rooted in the mores and values of the society. For instance, some societies may view certain sexual practices as normal parts of development, while others may stigmatize them. These societal norms often shape the social system of sexuality, including the acceptance or discrimination of non-heterosexual identities and practices. Societal attitudes towards sexual practices can also influence the level of sex education provided, which can be quite limited or selective depending on the prevailing cultural conservatism.