Final answer:
A rat can squeeze through an opening as small as a quarter of an inch in diameter, thanks to its flexible body structure, unlike rigid objects like pegs that must match the shape and size of the hole in children's toys. Rats’ flexibility is adaptative for survival across various environments.
Step-by-step explanation:
A rat can squeeze through an opening as small as about a quarter of an inch in diameter. This ability is due to their flexible skeletal structure. Comparatively, a square peg would need to perfectly match the square hole, and a round peg the round hole, in a children's toy to fit through, illustrating size-specific constraints for non-flexible objects.
Such remarkable flexibility in rats is an adaptation that allows them to survive in a variety of environments. Unlike the square or round pegs that have rigid dimensions, rats are not constrained by the same principles due to their soft tissue and collapsible skeletons. This size adaptability plays a crucial role in their capability to invade various spaces, making them successful at thriving in diverse habitats.
While the physics of gravity impact all creatures, small animals like mice and rats experience less danger from falls from high places due to the proportionally greater air resistance they encounter relative to their size. This resistance works to slow their fall, offering some protection upon impact.