Final answer:
Gap junctions are cellular structures formed by connexons, which are rings of connexins, allowing adjacent cells to communicate and synchronize functions such as heart muscle contractions.
Step-by-step explanation:
During gap junction formation, connexons in apposing cells become tightly connected through extensive noncovalent interactions of connexins.
Gap junctions develop when a set of six connexins in the plasma membrane arrange themselves in an elongated donut-like configuration, known as a connexon.
When the pores of connexons in adjacent animal cells align, they form a channel that allows for the passage of ions, nutrients, and other small molecules, which is critical for cell communication and functioning.
Gap junctions play a vital role in cardiac muscle by ensuring that electrical signals for muscle contraction are passed efficiently, allowing for synchronized contractions of heart muscle cells.