Final answer:
Before the nineteenth century, there were several significant methods and discoveries that impacted society, including the invention of anesthesia, advances in science and technology, and the study of bacteria and viruses.
Step-by-step explanation:
Before the nineteenth century, there were several good methods and discoveries that had significant impacts on society. For example, in the field of medicine, the invention of anesthesia in the 1840s allowed for surgery without extreme pain. Additionally, advances in science and technology led to improvements in diagnosis and the development of new vaccines. In the realm of biology, the study of bacteria and viruses began in the 17th and 19th centuries respectively, leading to a deeper understanding of diseases.