Final answer:
The theory described involves the role of the basal ganglia and cerebellum in motor control and posture, pertinent to Central Pattern Generators (CPG) in generating walking patterns and the relearning of motor patterns following disorders such as Parkinson's disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory mentioned that explains the neural mechanisms behind the generation of walking and the importance of relearning motor patterns is rooted in the study of basal ganglia functions. The basal ganglia are interconnected brain areas crucial for movement control, posture, and motivation. Damage to the basal ganglia, as seen in conditions such as Parkinson's disease, leads to motor impairments.
In addition to this, the cerebellum plays a significant role in procedural learning and motor skills, acting as a comparator for voluntary movement and coordinating movement through spinal cord stimulation. Thus, the cerebrum, cerebellum, and basal ganglia all contribute to the complex process of planning and executing movement, demonstrating the intricate system of motor control within the brain.
The Central Pattern Generators (CPG) mentioned in the question refer to specific neural circuits that are responsible for producing rhythmic patterned outputs without sensory feedback. They are fundamental in generating locomotive activities such as walking. Therapeutic approaches aimed at clients with motor disorders often emphasize relearning the 'correct rules for action,' reflecting the need for effective motor pattern reestablishment, potentially engaged by the basal ganglia and cerebellum.