Final answer:
Behaviorism is the theory that is based on the idea that consequences are building blocks for complex behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that is based on the idea that consequences are building blocks for complex behavior is Behaviorism. Behaviorism is a psychological theory that focuses on observable behaviors and how they are influenced by the consequences that follow them. According to behaviorists like B.F. Skinner, behavior is shaped and maintained through reinforcements and punishments.
For example, if a behavior is followed by a desirable consequence, such as praise or a reward, it is more likely to be repeated. On the other hand, if a behavior is followed by an undesirable consequence, such as criticism or a punishment, it is less likely to be repeated.