Final answer:
The three segments exchanged during the TCP three-way handshake are the SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK, with sequence numbers 14,534 and 21,732 for the client and server, respectively. The client's rwnd is set to 4000 and the server's rwnd is set to 5000, used for flow control during the communication.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the establishment of a TCP connection between an HTTP client and a server, specifically detailing the three segments that are exchanged during the TCP three-way handshake process. During the handshake, the client and server exchange TCP segments with specific sequence numbers and acknowledgment numbers to establish a reliable connection. The process involves the following steps:
- SYN: The client sends a TCP segment with the SYN bit set, an initial sequence number (ISN) of 14,534, and the ephemeral port number of 59,100. This segment indicates the start of a connection and the client's sequence number.
- SYN-ACK: The server acknowledges the client's SYN by sending a TCP segment back with the SYN and ACK bits set, its own ISN of 21,732, and an acknowledgment number of 14,535 (client's ISN + 1). The server also indicates its receive window size (rwnd) of 5000.
- ACK: The client responds with an ACK segment, with the acknowledgment number set to the server's ISN + 1 (21,733) and the client's rwnd set to 4000. This completes the three-way handshake.
The receive window (rwnd) size indicates the amount of data that the client or server is willing to receive before sending an acknowledgment. In this scenario, the client defined a rwnd of 4000, and the server defined a rwnd of 5000. This information is used by TCP to manage flow control and ensure that the sender does not overwhelm the receiver with too much data at once.