Final answer:
To teach a dog to shake hands, the shaping technique is the most effective, involving rewarding successive approximations toward the target behavior of shaking hands.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most effective procedure for teaching a dog to shake hands is C. Shaping. Shaping involves rewarding successive approximations toward a target behavior. In this method, you would start by rewarding any small behavior that's close to the desired behavior, such as lifting a paw, and then gradually require more specific actions until the dog learns to offer its paw for a handshake in response to your cue. This technique is frequently used by animal trainers and is based on operant conditioning principles.