Final answer:
Cavalier Corporation will recognize a $150,000 gain for tax purposes and reduce its E&P by $200,000 after distributing land valued at $200,000 with a basis of $50,000 to its shareholders.
Step-by-step explanation:
The tax consequences of the distribution of land by Cavalier Corporation to its sole shareholder, Tom Jefferson, would include the recognition of a gain and an adjustment in Earnings and Profits (E&P). Specifically, since the land's fair market value is $200,000 and its tax and E&P basis to Cavalier is $50,000, the corporation would recognize a $150,000 gain for tax purposes.
This gain is calculated as the difference between the fair market value and the tax basis of the land. Furthermore, because distributions are made from E&P, the E&P would decrease by the fair market value of the land, which is $200,000 in this case. Therefore, the correct answer is that Cavalier Corporation would recognize a $150,000 gain and reduce its E&P by $200,000.