Final answer:
Supernova explosions are related to the formation of heavy elements, cosmic rays, and pulsars, but have no direct connection with quasars, which are the bright centers of distant galaxies with supermassive black holes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Supernova explosions have no connection with d. quasars.
A supernova is a massive explosion of a star at the end of its life cycle, resulting in the formation of heavy elements, the emission of high-energy cosmic rays, and often the creation of a pulsar or neutron star. Pulsars, which are rapidly rotating neutron stars, can indeed be the remnants of such explosions.
Quasars, in contrast, are the active centers of very distant galaxies with supermassive black holes at their heart, unrelated to supernova phenomenon. The radiation from quasars is due to the accretion of matter onto these black holes, not directly linked to supernova events.