Question

As a response to Freudian psychology and to ___ which they considered too mechanistic, pioneers ____ and ___ forged _____ psychology. This new perspective emphasized the ____ potential of ___ people.

Answer 1

Pioneers Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers developed humanistic psychology, focusing on the growth potential of healthy individuals and emphasizing personal agency and the drive toward self-actualization.

Step-by-step explanation:

As a response to Freudian psychology and to behaviorism, which they considered too mechanistic, pioneers Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers forged humanistic psychology. This new perspective emphasized the growth potential of healthy people.

Humanistic psychology emerged as the "third force" in psychology, in part, as a reaction against the deterministic nature of both Freud's psychoanalysis and behaviorism. Whereas psychoanalysis focused on unconscious drives and childhood experiences, and behaviorism on the influence of the environment on behavior, humanistic psychology centered on personal control, intentionality, and the innate potential for growth within individuals.

Diverging from Freud's theories, the humanistic approach places less emphasis on sexual development and more on personal agency and potential for self-actualization. Proponents of humanistic psychology like Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers believed that humans have an inherent tendency towards self-fulfillment and psychological growth, encapsulated in Maslow's hierarchy of needs with self-actualization at its peak. This approach contributed significantly to our understanding of self-development and the self-concept.