12.3k views
0 votes
why do we expect collisions between galaxies to be relatively common, while collisions between stars are extremely rare? why should galaxy collisions have been more common in the past than they are today

User Sing
by
8.4k points

1 Answer

3 votes

Final answer:

Galaxies collide more frequently than stars because the chances of galaxies colliding are greater due to their proximity in rich clusters. When galaxies collide, their stars usually pass right by each other and only gas and dust are pushed out of their regular orbits. These collisions happened more frequently in the past and may have helped in the formation of quasars.

Step-by-step explanation:

Galaxies in rich clusters are even closer together than those in our neighborhood (see The Distribution of Galaxies in Space). Thus, the chances of galaxies colliding are far greater than the chances of stars in the disk of a galaxy colliding. And we should note that the difference between the separation of galaxies and stars also means that when galaxies do collide, their stars almost always pass right by each other like smoke passing through a screen door.

A collision between two cars creates quite a mess, pushing parts out of their regular place. In the same way, if two galaxies collide and merge, then gas and dust (though not so much the stars) can get pushed out of their regular orbits. Some may veer close enough to the black hole in one galaxy or the other to be devoured by it and so provide the necessary fuel to power a quasar. As we saw, galaxy collisions and mergers happened most frequently when the universe was young and probably help account for the fact that quasars were most common when the universe was only about 20% of its current age.

User Inwerpsel
by
7.8k points