Final answer:
To balance a Pilates program that includes spinal flexion, extension, and rotation, lateral flexion and core stabilization exercises should be added, along with flexibility exercises for overall joint and muscle health.
Step-by-step explanation:
To complete the balance in a well-rounded program of Pilates exercises that already includes spinal flexion, extension, and rotation, one should include lateral flexion and core stabilization exercises. Lateral flexion is the bending of the neck or body toward the right or left side, and it occurs in the coronal plane.
Core stabilization exercises help in stabilizing and maintaining proper posture by working the deep muscles that facilitate upright walking and posture maintenance, such as the abdominals, which include the external obliques, internal obliques, transversus abdominis, and rectus abdominis.
Integrating exercises that promote flexibility, such as yoga or tai chi, can be beneficial as well. These flexibility exercises increase joint flexibility, keep muscles limber, and improve the range of motion, which can reduce the risk of injury. Good posture is crucial for preventing back strain and damage to discs, and is maintained by ensuring the body's center of gravity lies directly above the pivot point in the hips.