Final answer:
The Joint Commission and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services are the two organizations that mandate credentialing for licensed providers within institutions, ensuring quality and safety standards in healthcare.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two organizations that mandate credentialing for licensed providers within institutions are the Joint Commission (often referred to as JCAHO, for the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations) and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Credentialing is the process by which institutions such as hospitals verify the qualifications of healthcare professionals to ensure they can provide care to patients within that facility. Credentialing is crucial for maintaining high standards of safety and care within healthcare institutions. The Joint Commission provides accreditation to healthcare organizations that meet specific quality and safety standards. In doing so, it sets the bar for credentialing processes within those institutions. Similarly, CMS also requires that providers be credentialed in order to participate in Medicare and Medicaid programs, with their own set of standards and requirements that healthcare organizations must meet to ensure quality and compliance.