Final answer:
A citizen breaking the social contract leads to legal repercussions, and governments derive their authority from the consent of the governed. If the government fails to protect rights or becomes tyrannical, citizens can overthrow it according to Locke and Rousseau's social contract theories.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a citizen breaks the social contract, it implies that the person is not abiding by the societal rules and laws to which they have implicitly agreed upon by being a member of that society. In response, the society, through its government, has the authority to enforce penalties, such as legal punishment. John Locke argued that the governed have the consent to establish a government, and when the government fails to protect the rights of the people, the citizens have not only the right but also the obligation to overthrow and replace it. Similarly, Jean-Jacques Rousseau contended that the legitimacy of a government depends on the general will of the people, and if a government deviates from this will, the people can withdraw their moral obligations to obey.
Furthermore, Locke's concept of a social contract also includes the notion that if a government becomes tyrannical or fails to serve the common good, the people have the right to dissolve it and establish a new system that better serves their interests. This implies that there is a balance of power and responsibility between the citizens and the government, with personal freedoms being exchanged for the protection and stability provided by the state.