Final answer:
Qualitative research involves collecting text or image data through methods like open-ended questions, observations, or found data, and is often conducted via field research.
Step-by-step explanation:
Research that involves the collection of data in the form of text or images using open-ended questions, observation, or "found" data is known as qualitative research. This type of research often includes methods such as in-depth interviews, focus groups, participant observation, and analysis of content sources. Unlike quantitative research, which involves numerical data, qualitative research allows for the collection of rich, detailed information that is subjective and often based on what is seen in a natural setting.
One of the key characteristics of qualitative research is field research, where data is collected outside of a controlled environment such as a laboratory or office, allowing for direct observation and experience. Note-taking, organization, summarizing, and synthesis are important skills for effectively conducting qualitative research.