Final answer:
The HLA-DQ gene is part of the Class II MHC molecules in the Human Leukocyte Antigen system. There are multiple alleles of the HLA-DQ gene, but the exact number can vary in different populations. These alleles code for different MHC II protein components, which are important for antigen presentation and immune recognition.
Step-by-step explanation:
The HLA-DQ gene belongs to the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) system, which plays a crucial role in the immune response. The HLA-DQ gene is part of the Class II MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules. There are multiple alleles of the HLA-DQ gene, and the exact number can vary in different populations. These alleles code for different MHC II protein components, which are important for antigen presentation and immune recognition.
For example, in the table provided, information is given about the number of alleles and the possible MHC II protein components for the Class II MHC genes. However, the specific number of alleles for the HLA-DQ gene is not mentioned. Due to the extensive polymorphisms in the MHC molecules, finding a match between MHC molecules for organ transplantation can be challenging, making a parent or sibling who shares a similar genetic background a more suitable donor.