Final answer:
As altitude increases, atmospheric pressure decreases exponentially. This is represented by the exponential relationship between pressure and altitude in the atmospheric pressure equation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks about how atmospheric pressure changes with increasing altitude. As altitude increases, pressure decreases exponentially. This relationship can be mathematically described by the equation p(y) = p0exp(-ay), where p(y) is the atmospheric pressure at a given altitude y, p0 is the pressure at sea level, and a is the reciprocal of the pressure scale height. Since the pressure drops exponentially with height, the correct answer to the question is A. decreases exponentially. The exponential decrease in air pressure with altitude is also linked to a decrease in air density and oxygen concentration, creating challenges for mountain climbers, who may experience hypoxia due to lower oxygen levels.