Final answer:
The relationship of the researcher to the researched is characterized by data collection methodology in qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative methods focus on non-numerical data for context, while quantitative methods involve statistical analysis. The preference for a method depends on the study's subject matter.
Step-by-step explanation:
The relationship of the researcher to the researched differs between qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative research involves collecting non-numerical data to understand concepts, thoughts, or experiences. On the other hand, quantitative research involves collecting numerical data that can be transformed into usable statistics. This often involves the use of structured instruments such as questionnaires with closed-ended questions to allow for statistical analysis.
In the realm of social sciences, which often study society and human behavior, quali assessments can provide deeper understanding of the 'why' behind the numbers, adding context to the quanti data. For instance, researchers might correlate demographic data (quanti) with reasons behind prisoners' attitudes towards educational opportunities (quali).
The value placed on one type of research over another can depend on the topic being studied. In some fields, such as chemistry, quantitative relationships are essential to understanding the science behind reactions and processes. Whichever method is chosen, it is essential that researchers maintain ethical standards, communicating the purpose of their study to participants and offering results upon completion. Surveys often collect both types of data to provide a comprehensive view of the research subject.