Final answer:
The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) established guidelines for the regulation of pesticides and is enforced by the EPA. Pollution-control policies can be classified as either command-and-control (e.g., improvement mandates for car emissions) or market incentive based (e.g., emissions tax and pollution permits).
Step-by-step explanation:
The federal act that established guidelines for the regulation of pesticides is the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA).
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which was created in 1970, is responsible for administering FIFRA.
This act is significant because it requires the EPA to register all pesticides that are legally sold in the United States, ensuring that they meet federal safety standards to protect human health and the environment.
Various pollution-control policies can be classified as either command-and-control or market incentive based:
- a. A state emissions tax on the quantity of carbon emitted by each firm - Market incentive based.
- b. The requirement that domestic auto companies improve car emissions by a specific year - Command-and-control.
- c. National standards for water quality set by the EPA - Command-and-control.
- d. Permits sold to firms for a specified quantity of pollution - Market incentive based.
- e. Payments to fishermen for preserving salmon - Market incentive based.