Final answer:
One's response to exercise can be affected by environmental conditions such as body temperature (hypothermia or hyperthermia), high altitude and associated hypoxia, and stimuli that trigger a fight-or-flight response, like stress or the presence of stimulants.
Step-by-step explanation:
Several environmental conditions can affect one's response to an acute bout of exercise. These include a decrease in body temperature, known as hypothermia, which can slow the heart rate and strength of heart contractions. Conversely, increased body temperature, or hyperthermia, typically causes an increase in heart rate and strength of contractions. A serious deviation in body temperature can lead to enzyme dysfunction and system failure, particularly within the central nervous system.
At high altitudes, the low partial pressure of oxygen can lead to acute mountain sickness (AMS), which includes symptoms like fatigue, disorientation, and headaches. This is due to the lower atmospheric pressure, which causes low blood and tissue levels of oxygen. The body can adapt over time through a process called acclimatization, which adjusts to the reduced oxygen levels. High altitude effects are a significant factor as they can induce a state of hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen supply to the body's tissues.