Final answer:
Literary analysis is the process of examining and interpreting individual parts of a text to make broader claims about its meanings, often using various lenses of criticism such as psychoanalytical, Marxist, or archetypal criticism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The kind of analysis referred to in the question is known as literary analysis. This analysis involves looking at the individual elements of a text and interpreting them to make claims about its larger meanings and implications. In the context of fairy tales beginning with a mother's death, such an analysis might explore themes of vulnerability, the challenges of growing up, and the archetypal roles of parental figures in literature. Another example of literary analysis could stem from Antonio Gramsci's work, which might include examining media content to understand how it reflects or challenges social power structures, a method that could be associated with Marxist criticism.
When undertaking a literary analysis, one might consider questions like the genre of the text, its plot, setting, character development, and use of literary devices. The ultimate goal is to deconstruct the elements to understand the text's impact and relevance to sociocultural contexts, personal growth, and the human condition. Scholars may also apply other lenses of criticism, such as psychoanalytical, Marxist, or archetypal criticism, to further deepen their understanding of a text.