Final answer:
During the 12th and 13th centuries, the relationship between students and teachers in northern and southern Europe differed. In northern Europe, education was centered around cathedral schools and universities, with a focus on theology and philosophy. Southern Europe, on the other hand, had a more limited education system centered around monasteries, with a hierarchical relationship between students and teachers.
Step-by-step explanation:
In northern and southern Europe during the 12th and 13th centuries, the relationship between students and teachers had some differences. In northern Europe, education was largely centered around cathedral schools and universities in major cities. Students in these institutions were taught by scholars, and the focus was on theology and philosophy. In contrast, in southern Europe, education was more limited and centered around monasteries. The relationship between students and teachers in southern Europe was often hierarchical, with students learning from older and more experienced monks or priests.
An example of a difference is seen in the rise of cathedral schools in northern Europe, which signaled a shift of learning from monasteries to urban centers. These schools were replaced by universities, where scholars like Peter Abelard and Peter Lombard introduced Aristotelian logic into theology. In southern Europe, however, education remained more limited and centered within monasteries.
Another difference is the focus of education. While northern European students studied theology and philosophy, southern European students focused on traditional religious teachings and practices. They were taught by monks and priests, following a more strict and hierarchical system.