Final answer:
The situation described can be understood through the concept of social loafing, which refers to a reduction in individual effort or output on a group task where the final grade is shared. Darren is the only one doing most of the work while Martin, Abby, and 8 are shirking their responsibility. Assessing individual contributions or requiring self-evaluations can help overcome social loafing.
Step-by-step explanation:
The situation described in the question can be understood through the concept of social loafing.
Social loafing refers to a reduction in individual effort or output when working on a group task where the final grade or outcome is shared.
In this case, Darren is the only one putting in significant effort while Martin, Abby, and 8 are shirking their responsibility due to the assumption that someone else will do the work.
This is a common phenomenon in group projects where individual contributions are not evaluated.
To overcome social loafing, it is important for a manager or instructor to assess individual contributions or require group members to complete self-evaluations.
This helps to hold individuals accountable for their efforts and can motivate them to perform better.