Final answer:
The difference between monarchy pre-Enlightenment and democracy post-Enlightenment lies in the basis of government authority and the distribution of power. Monarchy was based on divine right and absolute political power, while democracy emphasized individual rights and the consent of the governed. Enlightenment ideas challenged the traditional political order and led to the development of constitutional monarchies and republics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Monarchy pre-Enlightenment: Monarchy was the prevailing form of government in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries. It was based on the belief in divine right, where the king or queen ruled by the will of God and had absolute political power. Monarchs made decisions to increase their power, and wealth and power were closely interconnected. Democracy post-Enlightenment: The Enlightenment brought new ideas that challenged the divine right theory and emphasized individual rights and equality. Enlightenment thinkers, such as John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, argued for the importance of the people's consent and the need to protect their natural rights. These ideas paved the way for the rise of constitutional monarchies and republics, where power is shared and government is based on the will of the people.