Final answer:
In a program's memory address space, program instructions are stored in the text segment, static data in the data segment, temporary data in the stack segment, and dynamically allocated memory on the heap segment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question pertains to the part of the memory address space allocated for a given program and its distinct areas of responsibility. Let's clarify these concepts:
- The program instructions are stored in the text segment of memory, not in the instruction register, which is only a temporary holder for the current instruction being executed by the CPU.
- The data used by the program is stored in the data segment of memory. This can include global variables, static variables, and other data elements that the program needs to execute and which persist for the duration of the program's execution.
- Temporary data, such as local variables and function call details, are stored in the stack segment, which supports local variable declaration, function parameters, and return addresses.
Additionally, the heap segment is the part of memory where dynamic memory allocation occurs. This is where memory is allocated during the program's runtime for variables whose size cannot be determined before the program starts, such as objects created by the program that need to persist across function calls.