Final answer:
Israel Putnam (option d)n was the American Captain who commanded his troops to 'Do not fire until you see the whites of their eyes' due to limited gunpowder supplies during the Battle of Bunker Hill in the American Revolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The American Captain who issued the command, "Do not fire until you see the whites of their eyes" was Israel Putnam. This famous order was given due to a low supply of gunpowder during the early stages of the American Revolution, and it emphasized the importance of conserving ammunition and ensuring that each shot was as effective as possible. This command is closely associated with the Battle of Bunker Hill, one of the early and significant confrontations between British and colonial forces during the American Revolutionary War.