Final answer:
The author supports their thesis through reasoning and evidence, including the acknowledgment of possible bias and the anticipation of counterclaims. Desmond's argument exemplifies thorough support by using various forms of evidence that connect emotionally, logically, and ethically with the reader.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks how the author supports their thesis with reasoning and whether this support is considered to be sufficient. To evaluate this, look at whether the reasoning provides explanation, elaboration, or clarification, and if there is concrete evidence accompanying the claims. For example, the author may use counterclaims to present a balanced argument or facts and statistics to bolster their viewpoint. The author's effectiveness in making the case can be seen through the use of varied evidence types, such as anecdotes, statistical data, and moral appeals, which allows the reader to connect on emotional, logical, and ethical levels.
Consider the given examples: A city councilwoman's argument is supported by facts but also recognizes the potential for emotional bias, urging the reader to consider the argument's merit aside from personal feelings towards the arguer. Another example shows support for a viewpoint with reasoning and evidence, as well as anticipation of counterclaims and demonstration of empathy towards those with differing opinions. Ample evidence with varying appeals to support claims, as seen in Desmond's argument about universal housing, illustrates the idea thoroughly.