Final answer:
The defining characteristic of fantasy is the inclusion of supernatural or magical elements. Fantasy has several subgenres, including epic fantasy, urban fantasy, high fantasy, and low fantasy. Each subgenre has its own unique characteristics and themes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The defining characteristic of fantasy is the inclusion of supernatural elements or magical elements that do not exist in the real world. These elements can include mythical creatures, magic spells, and alternate worlds.
Fantasy can be further divided into several subgenres, including:
- Epic fantasy, which features grand adventures set in intricate and expansive worlds. Examples include J.R.R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy.
- Urban fantasy, which takes place in a contemporary, urban setting and blends fantasy elements with elements of mystery or horror. An example is Neil Gaiman's "Neverwhere."
- High fantasy, which is characterized by epic battles, quests, and the battle between good and evil. An example is Robert Jordan's "The Wheel of Time" series.
- Low fantasy, which is set in primarily realistic worlds with only subtle elements of magic or the supernatural. Examples include Lev Grossman's "The Magicians" series.
Each subgenre of fantasy has its own unique characteristics and themes, but they all share the common element of supernatural or magical elements.